Evolution is the most established theory in all of biology. It’s a simple and elegant explanation for the complexity and diversity we observe in life today. Like the design argument, evolution attempts to explain the improbability of our existence, and it does so using many gradual (and plausible) steps. It also happens to be well supported by evidence from an increasing number of scientific disciplines.
The design argument, on the other hand, makes no attempt to explain that same data, does not generate new questions for further scientific study, and relies entirely upon an even more complex designer. Those who use the design argument must dodge questions about the origin of that designer, or the flaw in their explanation of improbability becomes readily apparent: a designer is always at least as improbable as its creations.
On the contrary, we know enough about biology to conclude that an intelligent force was not required to create the diversity of life on our planet. We know enough about the formation of the first replicators to conclude that intelligent forces were probably not required to start life, given the immense size of our universe. (After all, it only had to happen once.)
The jury is still out on the laws of physics. Obviously, we have some difficulty examining the circumstances that resulted in the formation of our own universe. The physical constants certainly appear well-suited for sustaining life in this universe, but there are good arguments both for and against a cosmic dial-turner. We’re here asking these questions, so obviously the constants must have been well-tuned for life.
If there was a designer, we must be careful to not rely on a “God of the gaps” argument. Many advocates of intelligent design are eager to find uncertainties in scientific theories only to declare that “a miracle happened there.” That strategy is dangerous! The clear historical trend is that eventually science will fill in those gaps. We must demand more rigorous reasoning than “we don’t know how else this might have happened.” How did God do it? At which point did he perform a miracle? Which forces did he use to assemble the pieces? What predictions could we make about future discoveries to validate the theory? These are all questions that a scientist might ask in response to a design theory.
Though I’m an atheist now, I was not always. Thus, I’m clearly not close-minded. :}
Hi ladies and gentlemen:
With all due respect. I take exception to a few comments.
This statement made by anonymous, is incorrect:
Whenever a person makes a statement that "I believe this thing or that," automatically shuts the mind from other possibilities as well as personal growth.
Belief is common to all thinking-information-processing-feeling-humans. I believe in keeping an open mind. I believe this because I know that closed systems die.
And this statement made by anonymous, is incorrect:
We are all born rather stupid, and it takes time and experience to develop a minimal amout of intelligence...
Quite the contrary is true. Infants are brilliant! They learn at a rate that you and I can only wish we could still learn. We actually get 'dumber' as we grow older. We learn slower, retain less and are able to integrate, or formulate 'new' ideas at a slower rate. Thank God we can increase in wisdom though ; ) You may be confusing intelligence with a measurement of current factual data that we call, IQ. It has nothing to do with brilliance, or genius of course. In fact, if you want your child to be proficient in a foreign language, you need to get them started before age nine, I think it is. After that age, it is so much harder for us to learn another language...and it gets harder and harder as we get older and older!
Interesting discussion folks.
Thanks,
truthsayer
truthsayer, like any rational person I remain “open” to the possibility that I might be wrong. However, I do not believe there is a God that I may someday “fully understand.” Only clear empirical evidence is likely to convince me otherwise.
And begging your pardon, but the Supreme Court of the United States is not an authority on atheism or religion. Atheism is religious only in the sense that it makes a claim that directly contradicts religions. Atheists do not have temples, ceremonies, clerics, priests, or formal tenets like all the religions in the world.
Trinov, I’m not convinced your perspective is unrelated to your religious associations. I encourage you to itemize all the evidence you see for a Creator. Such an ambitious topic probably deserves a new blog entry, as that exact argument as eluded apologists and philosophers for centuries.
The Theory of Evolution is the most influential and established concept in modern science (excluding physics) and forms the cornerstone of modern medicine and biology. It is here to stay. To describe evolution as “random” only demonstrates your unfamiliarity; the theory does not describe a random process.
I’m sorry if I came across as condescending. You made the claim that a Creator is obvious, and I’m genuinely interested in seeing your specific reasons, as there are none obvious to me. “Influential and established” does not mean “popupar” in the context of the sciences. Creationism is analogous to the examples of popular trends you listed.
Don’t pull the age and education cards on me, please. You have no idea what my age is, nor where I attended school. Both are totally irrelevant to the discussion unless your academic credentials are in the biological sciences.
Trinov, my claim that evolution was “influential and established” was in response to your similarly laughable prediction that “30 years from now, nobody with half a brain will still be believing in random evolution.” Do you see me implying that you have “half a brain?” That you come from a “less critical age?” Or perhaps some other ad hominem fallacy? No. Please do not accuse me of poor debate tactics before reviewing your own material.
Scientists are equally skeptical of authority. Evolution is “established” not because a majority of scientists accept the theory, but because a century of data from diverse disciplines all converge to support the theory. The theory works brilliantly at explaining the data and predicting future discoveries. That’s where your Cremo website falls short. It’s one thing to point out the hoaxes that have emerged (and there have been several, but scientists are just as quick to happily refute them), but for any scientist to take the site seriously, it must present an alternative theory that makes successful predictions and better explains a century of data from astronomy, physics, biochemistry, geology, biology, paleontology, anthropology, and medicine.
Thank you for your reply, Truthsayer. You bring up some interesting points. I must leave for work soon, but let me quickly address some of them.
“If you look critically at evolution, there are many problems.”
Of course there are many problems with Evolution. There will always be more questions as the detail of our understanding increase. These hotly debated topics should not be confused as major problems. Evolution happened. Scientists only disagree on the details.
“The fossil record does not support the argument, and Darwin himself said this. He even saw it as a weakness.”
The fossil record supports the theory of evolution brilliantly. Darwin predicted that we would find simpler forms of life the further back we looked, and this is exactly what we have found in the century since. One unexplained mammal fossil found in the Cambrian layer of the geological column would present a serious problem to the Theory of Evolution. We have found none. Not one.
Darwin did lament over the lack of transitional fossils in the fossil record. The lack of samples is to be expected, because fossilization is actually a very rare occurrence, and exploration of the geological column was still premature in Darwin’s day. We have since discovered several dozen good examples of transitional fossils, hoaxes aside.
“We also know that there has never been an instance, in all of history, where something inanimate has 'come alive'.”
Strictly speaking, this is not part of the Theory of Evolution. Nevertheless, I’ll entertain the objection, as it does relate to the need for a Creator and is a popular target of “God of the gaps” arguments.
Ambiogenesis is a gap in our current understanding of life’s origins. As Kelly pointed out, we have discovered natural sources for some of the key molecules of life. The random assembly of the simplest replicator is currently left to probability. Given the immense size of the Universe and the number of planets probably similar to Earth, the chances of life starting someplace are not unreasonable. It only had to happen once to get Evolution started.
“Since I became unwilling to be deceived anymore, I realize that so much of what has been accepted as 'truth' is merely the fact-of-the-day, and facts do change daily, as knowledge increases.”
Are you aware of how much science has changed the creation stories people tell? :} I’d much rather go with “fact-of-the-day” among scrutinizing scientists than the “fact-of-the-day” among religious masses who value blind faith and unquestioned obedience of religious leaders. Like Kelly said, I’m unwilling to be deceived anymore, which is why I’m not a creationist.
“Many people that believe in God, do not read, study, or meditate upon, the Word of God. Relatively few really devote themselves to knowing it, and fewer still to understanding it, and fewer still that are willing to implement it, and integrate it into every cell and corner of their lives.”
I’m convinced today that if more Christians actually read their Bibles and thought about the implications of integrating it into every corner of their lives, we’d have a lot fewer Christians.
Thanks for braving the thunderstorm to give us your reply, Truthsayer. I think it's important at this juncture to draw a clear distinction between secularism and atheism, because I think there may be some confusion on that point. On the matter of public policy, most atheists (and many Christians) are secularists. When we fight to keep religious indoctrination out of our public schools, we are not advocating the teaching of atheism as the alternative. We don't want atheism taught in public schools any more than we want Christianity taught (except in the context of a comparative religion course, of course). Schools should be equipping children with the rational tools required to critically evaluate religious beliefs, not presenting one as fact.
I glanced through the wallbuilders.com site that you provided, and I must say I disagree wholeheartedly. The site has a clearly stated agenda and picks quotes out of their historical context. This nation was not built on Biblical values, and that much should be apparent after any cursory glance through the Bible. Even if we ignore the God-sanctioned genocide, subjugation, blood sacrifice, demeaning of women, disintegration of families, and authoritarianism, the most cited example of Christian morals, the ten commandments, has very little resemblance to the laws in the United States. Only three of the commandments are reflected in US law: murder, theft, and false witness. (Furthermore, none of the commandments are particularly novel or interesting, even when Genesis was written.) Our Constitution does not derive from any religious source and does not reference religion at all outside the first amendment. The Declaration of Independence references only a deistic “Creator” God who set the “Laws of Nature.” Our egalitarian-striving, capitalistic, and secular republic resembles the principles of The Enlightenment far more than they resemble any Christian morals.